NCLEX+Questions

Answer: B
===DI is associated with a “deficiency of production of or secretion of ADH or a decreased renal response to ADH. The decrease in ADH results in fluid and electrolyte imbalances caused by increased urinary output and increased plasma osmolality” (Lewis et al., 2011, p. 1260).===

Answer:A
===Primary treatment for central DI is fluid and hormone replacement. “Fluids are replaced orally or intravenously. In acute DI, hypotonic saline or dextrose 5% in water is given intravenously and titrated to replace urinary output. Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), an analog of ADH, is the hormone replacement of choice for central DI and can be given orally, intravenously, subcutaneously, or as a nasal spray” (Lewis et al., 2011, p. 1261).===

Answer: C
===“Water deprivation test measures the kidneys’ ability to concentrate urine in light of an increased plasma osmolality and a low plasma vasopressin level. It is a specialized test that must be performed in a controlled setting, and the client should be observed constantly throughout the test” (Wissman, 2007, p.1017). “The test is positive for diabetes insipidus if the kidneys are unable to concentrate urine despite increased plasma osmolality” (Wissman, 2007, p.1017).===